AXIS OF UPHEAVAL: Russia, China, Iran, North Korea Escalate Coordinated Threats...

Andrea Kendall-Taylor and Richard Fontaine examine how Iran, Russia, China, and their allied network are escalating military coordination and confrontation with the United States and its partners. The analysis addresses the deepening strategic alignment among these revisionist powers—what Foreign Affairs frames as an "Axis of Upheaval"—and the specific military dimensions of their challenge to the Western-led order, including developments in Iran and implications for U.S. strategic planning under the Trump administration.